Ending Your Private Mortgage Insurance Early

Private mortgage insurance, or PMI, is the safety net of the lender. PMI benefits lenders because it guarantees payment on the balance of loans not covered by the sale of foreclosed properties.

If a borrower makes a down payment of 20% of the cost of the home, the lender can generally trust that he will make his mortgage payments faithfully to protect a large investment. In this case, the lender comes out ahead if the borrower is forced to foreclose on his house, because the lender loans 80% of the cost of the house, but will probably recover 100% of the cost of the house. But, if the borrower makes a smaller down-payment, such as 3%, 5% or 10%, and borrows the rest, and then defaults on his loan, the lender loses money.

If a house is purchased with a conventional mortgage and a down payment of less than 20 percent, PMI is almost always a requirement. The insurance benefits the lender, but the borrower pays for it. An initial premium is included in the closing costs, and a monthly amount in the house payment.

The PMI cost varies depending upon the size of the mortgage and the percentage of the down payment. If the down payment is more than 15 percent but less than 20 percent, the borrower will generally pay about 0.32 percent of the loan amount annually in PMI premiums. That totals about $40 a month for a $150,000 mortgage.

But PMI is not fool-proof. Homeowners can sometimes eliminate private mortgage insurance by refinancing their loans -- even if they continue to owe more than 80 percent of the value of the house. And there are new laws that require lenders to remove PMI if a mortgage does not exceed 80% of the value of a home. But, this new law only applies to loans recorded after July 29, 1999. If a borrower has a loan that was recorded before July 29, 1999 and thinks he might like to cancel the mortgage insurance after a few years, he could, depending on the conditions and whether the insurer allows cancellation.

The most common method used to avoid paying private mortgage insurance is for a borrower to get a "piggyback loan" - a second mortgage that allows him to make a 20 percent down payment. For example, a borrower can pay 10 percent down, get a first mortgage of 80 percent, and a second mortgage of 10 percent. The piggyback loan is always at a higher rate. The borrower is not paying for PMI, but is still making a monthly payment, probably for roughly the same amount as PMI. A piggyback loan also has an income tax advantage because it allows the borrower to deduct the interest from his taxable income. However, he can