The Golden Retriever is one of the most popular breeds in the United States. If one were to take a casual drive through nearly any urban neighborhood or rural farm neighborhood in this country, one would almost certainly see more than one of this breed, romping with children in the yard or being walked in the park. Over the years, the Golden has become well known in many of the pursuits which serve mankind. He has made history as "Dog Hero of the Year" more than once in this country. Whether their job is a Gundog, a Therapy Dog, a Search and Rescue dog, an Assistance dog, a Guide Dog for the blind, or an all around family pet, they are equally at home.
The Golden is, as the name implies, golden in color. The golden color may be darker or lighter, most of the dogs bred for the show ring have a very light, almost white color, while the "field dog" generally is darker. The coat of the typical Retriever should not be too long nor profuse as originally it was a dog which should be able to go through heavy brambles without picking up too many burdock. Through the years of presenting this dog in the show ring, breeders have developed a dog with a somewhat bulkier body than was originally required in the standard of the breed and also a heavier more luxurious coat. This beautiful coat presents a wonderful sight as the dog is gaited around the ring and the crowds always cheer for this breed.
However most "field dog" breeders look with disfavor on this type of coat and the heavier body of the show dog, since it is widely believed that a smaller dog with less coat is a much more efficient dog for the job which it was originally intended. Historically the dog was developed as a water and land retriever which is powerful enough to bring back a heavy game bird and yet small enough to travel through heavy thickets without impediment. The typical Retriever that is bred as a field dog is indeed of lighter bone and therefore faster on its feet than the Retrievers bred for show and more able to quarter the ground effortlessly when searching for the downed bird.
As for the general health of the breed, it is imperative that x-rays be taken of the hips and elbows before breeding, since hip dysplasia is common in the breed. The average age of the Golden in the United States is 8 years, although I personally have known Goldens of the field type who have lived beyond the age of 12. It may be that part of the reason for such a comparatively short life span is that Goldens who suffer severe dysplasia are "put down" because of this condition so there is a certain number who do not live as long. Cataracts used to be a problem in the breed but more and more breeders are utilizing the "CERF" eye examination and recognizing this problem before breeding the animal.
Other than a difference between the physical build and coat length of the two types of the dog, there is no change in the basic stable temperament of the two. The Golden is friendly and people oriented in its nature. They love to carry things in their mouth and will even carry their owner's wrist if they can find nothing else! Most Goldens are naturally "soft-mouthed" but it is important that they be taught to release on command the object they are carrying. Goldens will tirelessly retrieve for their owner, whether it be a ball or a frisbee or out in the field searching down and bringing back the downed bird. They are great at settling into a household as a friend to the elderly and a playmate for the children.
Michael Russell
Your Independent guide to Animals