The typical time frame is about a month. It can be shorter, and sometimes take much longer.

There are two basic ways to get a mortgage:

full documentation
stated documentation

In the full documentation you prove to the lender your:

income
assets
work history, job verification

In the stated documentation, all of these are stated and not proven. The advantage to the second option is a lot less paperwork, at the cost of a higher interest rate. Some people can