What is DNA sequencing?
The sequencing of the human genome begun in 1990 and took 13
years to complete.Nowadays, DNA sequencing project are more
widespread and new methods for sequencing the DNA were
discovered.
But first, what is DNA sequencing?
Well, DNA sequencing means determining what nucleotide order a
given DNA fragment has, or determining the exact sequence of
nucleotides in a given sample of DNA.
A sequence of DNA is a 'blueprint' for the body because it
contains all the information related to that species, and DNA
sequencing is trying to discover all the information hidden
inside DNA, information which can have many medical and
biological uses, especially at curing genetic and contagious
diseases and other researches.
Most of the DNA sequencing is currently performed using the
chain termination method, but scientists are in the search for
new methods that can save time.For example, a method that is 100
times faster than the old ones was recently discovered.It it
called the novel sequencing technique and it uses extremely tiny
fiber-optic reaction vessels, which make the sequencing of
hundreds of thousands of DNA molecules at once possible, unlike
the current methods which can only sequence short lengths of DNA
at a time.
Another new DNA sequencing technique which promises both faster
time and lower costs uses colors and lasers - the researchers
dyed each of the four blocks of DNA with different colors
A DNA sequencing method which is available for everyone is
pyrosequencing, but it can lead to a few errors.
Other DNA sequencing methods are Nanoporesequencing, or
Sequencing by hibridization.
Until now the genomes of some small bacteria and viruses, have
been sequenced and the genomes of other larger species and
plants, and of course the human genome.
It is hoped that a few more years later the costs of DNA
sequencing for one person will seriously lower, the medicine
will become more personalized, and it will be much easier to
fight diseases.