Stretch Marks and Pregnancy - Causes and Prevention
Stretch marks. Striae Gravidarum. The marks of pregnancy. Call
them what you will. But they are the one thing that all women
dread will occur as soon as they get pregnant.
But what are stretch marks anyway? And why do they occur?
Well, the reason lies in the anatomy of the skin. The skin has
two layers - a thin upper layer called the epidermis, and a
thicker, lower layer called the dermis. Scattered in the dermis
are fine protein filaments called elastin that, like a piece of
rubber band, are capable of stretching on being pulled. But just
as a rubber band can stretch only so far and no further, these
elastin fibres can also be stretched only to a certain extent.
If stretched further, they snap. The increasing bulk of the
uterus during pregnancy causes the skin to stretch to a great
extent and the elastin fibres are torn. The torn elastin
produces scars on the skin called Stria Gravidarum or stretch
marks.
They occur on the lower abdomen of all pregnant women,
right?
Well, right and wrong. They appear in most pregnant women, but
not in all and not just on the lower abdomen. Stretch marks
occur when the skin is stretched in a very short period of time,
as in pregnancy or in obesity. They occur:
- In the lower abdomen in pregnancy.
- Along the sides of the breasts either in pregnancy or in
obesity.
- Upper thighs.
- Occasionally even on the inner sides of the upper arms.
But can stretch marks be prevented?
Thankfully, the answer is yes, to a certain extent. Although
some women are genetically prone to develop stretch marks, it
has been noted that athletes and women accustomed to heavy,
physical labour get very few or no stretch marks. This is
regardless of whether their female relatives have stretch marks
or not. The reason for this is that that these women have very
well-developed and strong abdominal muscles. These muscles can
easily take the weight of the growing uterus and prevent it from
pressing forwards on the skin - rather like wearing a strong
muscular belt under the skin. The skin is thus stretched less,
less elastin fibres are damaged, and there are fewer stretch
marks.
Again a supple, healthy, well moisturized skin is capable of
stretching more without any lasting damage. So if a woman can
strengthen her abdominal muscles and keep her skin healthy and
supple, there is less chance of her developing stretch marks.
But how? How do I develop my muscles and keep my skin
moisturized?
Gentle exercises for the abdominal muscles can be started as
soon as pregnancy has been confirmed or even as pregnancy is
being planned.
Exercise 1 : Standing erect, raise both arms above the
head. Bend forward slowly to touch your toes. Hold the position
for a count of 100. Then slowly straighten up. Do this exercise
at least once daily.
Exercise 2 : Standing erect, raise both arms above the
head and clasp your hands. Now bend slowly to your left as far
down as you feel comfortable. Hold for a count of 10. Straighten
up slowly and then bend to your right. Hold to a count of 10.
Straighten up. Exhale as you are bending and inhale while
straightening up. This makes one set. Do at least 3 sets once
daily.
Exercise 3 : Stand straight with feet about 12 inches
apart. Place hands on your back at the waist. Slowly bend back,
as far back as you feel comfortable. Hold to a count of 10.
Straighten up. Now bend forward slowly, hold the position to a
count of 10. Then straighten up. Exhale as you are bending and
inhale while straightening up. This makes one set. Do at least 3
sets once daily.
These three exercises will strengthen the abdominal and back
muscles as well as gently stretch the skin. They also improve
the posture during pregnancy.
Caring for the skin : Keep the skin moisturized by
applying oil - olive oil, coconut oil, almond oil or any good
baby oil - thoroughly over the skin of the abdomen, hips and
thighs. Massage it in with sweeping upward strokes. You can do
this before you exercise so that the oil is properly absorbed as
the skin is stretched during exercise. This will make the skin
supple and healthy and capable of stretching without damaging
the elastin fibres.
A Good Diet : Take a good diet with lots of fresh fruits
and vegetables and adequate liquids. And do not forget your
daily vitamins. This will ensure a healthy and supple skin.
But what happens if the stretch marks have already occured?
How do I get rid of them?
The good thing about stretch marks is that they fade over time.
When they are first formed, they are reddish or purplish, but
later they become thin silvery lines that may not be visible at
first glance. The bad thing about stretch marks is that they can
be removed permanently only by surgery. The elastin and collagen
growth can be stimulated to some extent by cocoa butter, Vitamin
E, wheat germ oil and lanolin. But to remove the marks
completely, laser surgery, blue light therapy and other surgical
treatments are the only options. Many creams and lotions
available on the market also claim to be able to remove stretch
marks but have yet to be medically proved.
Visit www.gynaeonlin
e.com/care to learn more about Stretch Marks and other
pregnancy related issues.