Modern mines collect veins of materials, which have been trapped over millions of years in the sediment. Once out in the open they can get into the ground water and move down hill with the normal erosion patterns and water flows. This is because the minerals have been buried for centuries underneath in layers from previous periods. In the old Berkeley Pit, a copper mine which is closed not far from the Sunlight Goldmine in Montana, the rain water mixing with the minerals left in the bottom of the Pit was quite toxic and contained arsenic, which is harmful in large amounts to humans and animals. Although arsenic is a poison, it is part of the natural occurring minerals in nature and common to that area. Small traces are not to bad, but once they become to high it is cause for alarm.

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Most of the Copper Mines in the United States have been closed. Such as the famous old mine in AZ, Bisbee Mine. Arizona at one time had many copper mines. In 1972 Congress passes the Federal Clean Water Act to protect our fresh water supplies from mining waste. Years later many had become Super Fund Sites. Today our modern technologies can prevent pollution and still allow for mining, but since most have been closed and other nations are now in the Global Market selling these materials and there is little chance for the United States which was once a power house in mining to get back into the game.

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