Arthritis Pain--How To Avoid Accidental Acetaminophen Poisoning
Accidental Poisoning from Acetaminophen
Acetaminophen is the most popular painkiller in the US. It is
best known by the brand name Tylenol but is sold under 97
different brand names. It is known as paracetamol in many parts
of the world. It is also sold in combination with other drugs in
more than 100 products.
During cold and flu season, people who take acetaminophen for
arthritis are at risk for acetaminophen poisoning. Taking just
twice the recommended dose of acetaminophen can cause acute
liver failure. Unfortunately, this has already happened to an
alarming number of people because it isn't hard to do. Two years
ago, more than 56,000 people visited the emergency room due to
accidental acetaminophen overdoses and 100 people died from
unintentionally taking too much. Worse yet, the numbers appear
to be growing.
How Can This Happen?
This happens so easily because acetaminophen is found in many
different products. If you are taking the maximum recommended
dose of just two acetaminophen-containing products, you can
easily take an overdose.
For example, the maximum recommended dose of acetaminophen per
day is 4000 mg. That equals 8 extra strength acetaminophen pills
per day. You might easily take that much for arthritis pain.
Now let's say you get the flu and decide to take a Cold & Flu
product for your aches and stuffiness. Many of them include
acetaminophen as the primary ingredient for reducing fevers and
aches and pains. So, that will dose you with 1000 mg of
acetaminophen every 6 hours or another 4000 mg a day.
By taking both products at the maximum recommend dose, you put
yourself at risk for acute liver failure.
The problem doesn't end there. You might get a head ache and pop
some Excedrin. That's 500 mg more acetaminophen per dose. Maybe
you are in a car accident or have some dental work done.
Prescription narcotics like Vicodin and Percocet contain from
325 mg to 750 mg of acetaminophen inside each pill. That can
quickly add up.
Other Acetaminophen Complications for People with Arthritis
For some people, arthritis is caused by suboptimal
detoxification pathways. Such people do not have the level of
enzymes necessary to carry out the sulfoxidation necessary for a
body to properly process and detoxify acetaminophen. In these
circumstances, even the recommended level of acetaminophen may
cause acetaminophen poisoning.
Furthermore, this same pathway is necessary for detoxifying many
of the chemicals we are exposed to in our environment and
through our food. This means that our detoxification system can
also be weakened through chemical exposure. Similarly, if we
swamp our system with acetaminophen, we don't have enough
detoxification power left to fully deal with all the other
assaults in our daily environment.
If you have any known food sensitivities or chemical
sensitivities, it is best to assume that your sulfoxidation
pathways are already challenged enough, without adding the extra
burden of acetaminophen in your system.
How to Avoid Acetaminophen Poisoning
Carefully read the label of any cold or flu medicine or
painkiller that you are considering to ascertain how much
acetaminophen it contains. Healthy young adults should never
exceed 4000 mg/day total from all sources for short term use.
For long-term use healthy young adults should never exceed 3250
mg/day, according to clinical pharmacist Sandra Dawson, RPh,
MSHA who lectures on pain management in long term care.
People who are vulnerable to damage from acetaminophen should
take no more than 2000 to 3000 mg per day, according to Dr
William Lee of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical
Center. This lower maximum dose includes the healthy elderly
since liver and kidney function generally decline with age.