Buying A Business - Avoid The Caverns! 10 Key Dos & Don'ts
Buying A Business - Avoid The Caverns! 10 Key Dos & Don'ts
>From finding the right business or franchise to buy, to finally
accepting the keys to the front door - buying a business can be
an extremely frustrating exercise. It is important that you plan
and implement each and every step in sequence and avoid the many
caverns on the road to completing the deal.
The following 10 points should always be in the back of your
mind.
1. Do not buy or invest in a business that you do not understand
or are not familiar with. This does not mean that you have to
know every detail of the management and operation of that
specific business. Hopefully, you will receive specific training
from the current owner. What it does mean is that you should, at
the very least understand the primary principles of the
business. We all understand the principles behind a retailer;
buy product that appeals to the consumer at the lowest possible
price and sell it at the highest price possible while
maintaining the lowest overheads - simple! But, if the business
you are considering is in the disposal of toxic waste,
understanding the basic parameters of how the business operates
and hence makes a profit could be completely foreign to you. The
current owner of any business that is listed for sale will
always tell you that running the business is relatively easy. It
probably is relatively easy for the seller; he has had many
years of experience that make it easy.
2. The complexities and timing of the transferring of knowledge
from the seller to the buyer is relative to the type of business
that is being acquired. A business that is very seasonal, should
have a minimum of one full year of support from the seller in
order to learn what occurs and how to manage and operate the
business with each and every season. Make sure that you have an
agreement on how and when the support and transferring of the
seller's knowledge will take place. As an example, will you
require that the seller be available some evenings and/or
weekends? Is the seller planning on taking a three-week vacation
in Europe the day after closing?
3. Before you buy a business, set a top price in your mind, that
you can afford and that you think the business is worth. Don't
ever be afraid or embarrassed to walk away. Don't become so
involved in the actual "buying" of the business that actually
consummating the deal becomes more important and exciting than
the acquisition of the business itself. No business that I have
ever seen is worth buying at any cost. Do not let yourself get
caught up in the "its only another $25K" routine!
4. If you buy the shares of a business, you are acquiring
"everything", that includes tax liabilities, lawsuits, and debt.
Those that exist now and those that might appear in the future.
There are methods whereby you can purchase the shares and the
assets and not the liabilities. In this case, the liabilities
fall back on the seller. However, you must remember that even if
you do not buy the liabilities, as you own the shares, any and
all lawsuits will be directed towards you (the corporation). The
previous owner may have given you a multitude of "save harmless"
clauses, which basically means that he will be responsible for
any lawsuits or claims made against the company for things that
occurred prior to you acquiring it. If something were to happen
to the previous owner or he looses all his money in the stock
market, you will end up being responsible for all of those
liabilities.
In other words save harmless clauses are only as good as the
person behind them. It is better to uncover any and all
potential problems and deal with them before closing then it is
to rely on save harmless clauses. As well, even if the seller is
prepared to take care of any liabilities that are from the
period that he owned the business, that might arise in the
future, the time burden of dealing with those liabilities when
they surface will still be your responsibility. It will be your
company that will have to bare the potentially negative exposure
and it will be your company that may be sued, and secondarily it
may very well affect your future liability insurance rates as
those rates are based on historic company claims.
5. Look at financing alternatives, owing the seller some money
will give him an incentive to transfer his knowledge (he has a
very good reason to help you succeed, he wants to get the
balance of his money) and it will give you something to
negotiate with if there are any financial disputes that appear
after you have acquired the business. You can usually obtain
much better terms from the Seller, depending on the Seller's
reasons for divesting himself from his business, then you will
from a bank or other financial institution.
However, you must be aware of one pitfall in borrowing money
from the seller. In most cases his Non Compete Agreement, if
there is one, will have a clause that states if you do not live
up to the terms and conditions of the Loan Agreement that his
Non Compete Agreement is null and void. In other words, you miss
one payment and the previous owner may become your biggest
competitor.
6. The seller's net weekly, monthly, and yearly cash flow is
likely to be higher than yours due to the fact that he is not
carrying the debt you incurred to buy the company. The seller
also has years of experience and is likely to make fewer
business errors and he will be much more efficient.
7. Warranty issues in any company involved in creating goods or
supplying services can be a major liability. Most small
businesses do not accrue any reserve for warranty expenses. It
is important that the cost of warranty issues be resolved with
the seller prior to acquiring the business. If you purchase the
shares of the company, you are accepting any and all warranty
liability costs and issues for warranty claims in the period
prior to acquiring the business. Do not accept statements from
the seller that warranty costs are very low. Very low in the
seller's mind could be very high to you. Warranty bill backs, if
there are to be any, to the seller should be defined in the
agreements including labor costs (what rate) and material costs
and terms of payment (will it be deducted from the buyers debt
to the seller or invoiced to the seller weekly, monthly or
quarterly and on what payment terms).
8. If you are acquiring a "service" business, remember that you
are primarily buying a business whose assets are people. Buying
people is always a dangerous game, because you can never be 100%
sure that the people will stay on after you acquire the
business. Before acquiring a service business, investigate the
market for the skills of the types of individuals that you will
be employing. Can your employees obtain equivalent and or better
paying jobs somewhere else, is there a market shortage or a
glut? This can usually be accomplished by reading the local
newspaper classified ads. If you are looking at acquiring a
business that does locksmith work and the local classifieds have
ten advertisements from your potential competitors looking for
locksmiths you may be acquiring a staffing problem! You can also
contact some recruitment agencies in the area the business is
located in and ask them if they have a lot of call for, or do
they have a lot of people looking for work with those
disciplines.
9. Once you have found a business that you want to acquire and
have basically come to an agreement with the seller on the major
terms and conditions one of the parties, the seller or buyer
will "draft" the agreements. The party that drafts the
agreements goes to his lawyer and has him produce a set of
agreements that will be the agreements that both buyer and
seller sign in order to consummate the transaction. The reason
the term "draft" is used is because they are a set of documents,
created by a party on one side of the transaction that have not
yet been agreed to, or vetted by the other party. You may think
that it is more economical for you to have the seller draft and
it probably is, at least up-front. But it makes it a lot harder
for you to add/or change things. If you draft then you start off
with exactly what you want and the seller must take exception.
Conversely, if the seller drafts you are the one who must take
exception. People have a tendency to accept the smaller things
when presented to them, rather than appear petty by saying they
want it changed. I have found that, in general, the party that
drafts gets more of what he wants than the party that doesn't.
As well, your lawyer will add the protection clauses that are
appropriate for you as a buyer, where the seller's lawyer will
generally not include those clauses.
10. There are always downsides or negatives with any business.
The seller will always disclose all the upsides and the
positives, the challenge, which is part of the due diligence
exercise is to figure out what the negatives and downsides are.
For further information and advise on buying a business or
franchise visit: www.businessbuyersmanual.com