Mortgage Products: The Adjustable Rate Mortgage
You've found the home of your dreams, you're pre-qualified for a
loan, and everything looks absolutely rosy. At first. As you
begin to traverse the actual home appraisal, the loan
amortization, your down payment, and all the dots that must be
connected in order to make the dream a reality, you suddenly
realize that you may not be able to afford a payment on the
Fixed Rate Mortgage plan. What other options are available?
Well, there's the Adjustable Rate Mortgage that is a close first
cousin to the Fixed Rate mortgage, just a little riskier. What
advantages does the Adjustable Rate Mortgage option offer, and
what are they drawbacks, if any? This article examines the
advantages and disadvantages, if any, of the Adjustable Rate
Mortgage.
The Adjustable Rate Mortgage, or ARM, is a more affordable
option for homeowners who have a fairly tight monthly budget,
and who have a need for bigger house, lower payment. The typical
ARM customer wishes to build equity in their home; however they
need the lowest monthly payment possible, for a certain number
of years. The homeowner this program most benefits is the
individual who expects income increases to occur within a few
short years, but also has an expanding family with a need for
space. An ARM works in this way: when you set up your mortgage
on an ARM, the interest rate you have will only be set for a
very short period of time, normally only 6,9, or 12 months. At
the end of that period, the interest rate will be re-evaluated,
and if the rates have increased based on the prime, your
interest rate will also increase; once again, for a short, set
period of time. The benefit derived from this type of loan,
during today's economy, is that the interest rates are at an all
time low. That equates to big savings for current home buyers,
and homeowners who refinance.
The disadvantage to this type of loan occurs when interest rates
begin to rise. As the rate rises for the lending institution, it
also rises for you, the homeowner. Today, there are spin-offs on
the ARM base product, that allow homeowners to operate under an
ARM for a specified number of years, and then the loan converts
to a fixed rate mortgage. There are also the ARMs that offer an
interest only option for a specific number of years, then it
converts to a basic ARM for a specified number of years, and
then you have the option to convert the ARM to an FRM. The home
mortgage product market can be very confusing, and quite
frustrating if you don't take the time to fully research and
understand your mortgage options.
Another great benefit to the ARM, when interest rates are low,
is that it allows you to build equity faster than with a
standard fixed rate mortgage. But if interest rates begin to
rise, quickly, your opportunity for building equity quickly, is
greatly diminished, because more of the payment is directed to
the interest on the loan. If you fall into the category of the
typical homeowner, ARMs aren't as attractive as the fixed rate
mortgage; but let's face it the typical homeowner category seems
to be shrinking.
There are so many options with the ARM basic model, that the ARM
option loans have become more popular than just the basic ARM.
The 3,5,7 and 10 year ARMs that offer interest only options for
a set period of time, or that offer 1% interest for the first
month, then there are the ARMs that offer interest only for
3,5,7, or 10 years, then a standard ARM is established, or a FRM
is established.
The mortgage industry has made available so many mortgage
choices, that it's often very difficult for the average consumer
to consider all the options and make the most wise choice,
simply because you need a spreadsheet and calculator just to
compare the options, never mind making a decision about the best
options.
All in all, if you are buying a home, and your income level is
expected to increase over the next 10 years, or your expenses
are going to drastically decrease, you would probably benefit
from the standard ARM that converts to a FRM. All the other
complicated options still simply do not benefit the average
homeowner today. Now, if you don't happen to be average, and you
have a financial advisor that can work with you closely, I'd
recommend that you consider all those other options, but only
with the assistance of a trained financial analyst. After all,
your home is a purchase you definitely do not want put at risk.