Personal Income Tax Returns
Personal income tax, as we know it today, was originally enacted
by Congressional law during the ratification of the sixteenth
Amendment in 1913. Although we have experienced many changes to
the system since that point in time, the importance of the
individual income tax to the Federal Government's revenue as
remained a constant. Today, half of the government's revenue is
generated from the assessment of personal income tax due, and
mounts into the trillions of dollars each year.
Some of the more significant changes to our tax law are
discussed below and might surprise today's taxpayer, simply
because our knowledge of the tax system is far removed from some
of the earliest requirements, inclusions, and exclusions.
For instance, federal government employees were taxed on their
income, but state and local government employees were exempted.
Also exempt from the income tax levy was interest income from
government bonds, federal, state and local. The exemption for
single persons was $3000, and for married individuals it was
$4000. Not much has changed, even though inflation has created
major changes in our income levels, the exemption rates haven't
changed in direct correlation.
Another important concept that has experienced much change over
the years is the use of "personal income" in some tax liability
instances, versus the use of adjusted gross income in some other
instances. There are great differences in these figures, if you
make use of the many deductions and exemptions that are
currently a part of the individual income tax form, the 1040.
Now, here's another important difference: during the tax systems
inception, there was only one form used by all taxpayers, even
business owners. Today, there are 3 different forms just for the
individual tax payer's filing status. If you're a business
owner, or if you own investment property, there are also many
additional schedules for which you must separate your income
away from the basic 1040 wages, salaries, and tips. This has
been in an effort to encourage the small business ownership in
American to expand.
Capital gains, of course have always received preferential
treatment, but for many years they weren't taxed at all. It
would seem the unfair exclusion of the wealthy individuals
ability to invest and realize a profit, was in existence even
then.
Many of the concepts we take for granted with our tax system
today, weren't introduced all that many years ago. Tax tables,
medical expense deductions, standard deductions, the definition
of taxable income were established until the 1940s; earned
income credit, alternative minimum tax, mortgage interest, and
investment interest tax weren't addressed until the 1970s;
unemployment compensation and social security benefits weren't
taxed until the 1980s, and state sales tax and personal interest
were excluded as deductions during the late 80s.
As you can see the United States tax system, along with the
personal income tax return are fairly young institutions, and at
times, still seem to be undergoing many changes, often at a pace
much faster than the individual taxpayer can accommodate. The
changes that often occur, to benefit a taxpayer aren't even
general knowledge until it is too late to take advantage of the
opportunity. It's through the use of a professional tax preparer
and excellent communication that an individual tax payer will
see the greatest benefit of the tax codes and regulations. hanks
to the complexity of the United States tax codes, the system
itself, and the variations of tax codes from state to state,
completing your personal tax return and maximizing your
deductions, exemptions, and credits to their fullest potential,
is like trying to complete a mind-twisting maze. The average
individual required to file a personal tax return has no grasp
of the US tax system, and must therefore rely on one of the many
tax professionals to complete their return. Quite often, these
deductions, exemptions, and credits are overlooked simply
because of a lack of communication. available to the individual
tax payer, in addition to the fact that qualifying for many of
these benefits must be communicated to the tax preparer.