DASH DIET: The Diet That Cause No Pain
A group of scientists from 5 main medical centers discovered
that eating a specific diet containing nutrient-dense fruits and
vegetables, low fat dairy and whole grains can be an effective
tool which helps to achieve weight
loss and to lower blood pressure. The so called DASH Diet
(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) was found in 1996 in
order to reduce blood pressure about the same level as a
medication would. Since that time it has rapidly become one of
the most popular diets prescribed in clinical practice today.
The American Heart Association recommends the DASH Diet in the
USDA's 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. It is also
presented in the US High Blood Pressure Guidelines.
The DASH Diet Study involved 459 people to take part in the
survey. They were randomly attached to one of three groups with
different diet recommendation:
- The diet typical for average Americans - The diet containing
more fruits and vegetables, but still close to to the typical
American diet - The DASH DIET - reduced in red meat, sweets, and
sugar-sweetened drinks, moderate in poultry, fish and nuts and
finally rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products
Participants were told not to make any significant changes in
their physical activity levels, in order to make sure they
weren't doing anything else that could reduce their blood
pressure.
They were often weighted to assure their weight didn't change;
if someone gained or reduced weight, were given a bit less or
more food to get them back to initial weight. All three diets
contained the same level of Salt/sodium - it was fairly lower
than the U.S. average, but still higher than the amount
recommended by most guidelines.
The Results
No change in blood pressure was seen in the first group - among
those who ate the typical American diet. The members of the
second group, who ate the fruit and vegetable diet, noticed a
significant reducing of their systolic blood pressure - The
upper number, which measures blood pressure in the arteries when
the heart pumps out blood - but insignificant change in their
diastolic pressure. Among participants who consumed the DASH
DIET for eight weeks a significant drop in both systolic and
diastolic blood pressure was observed. Changes appeared within a
week, stabilized within two weeks, and stayed reduced for the
rest of the eight weeks.
Blood pressure dropped 5.5 mmHg (systolic) and 3.0 mmHg
(diastolic) on average among all participants, including both
those with hypertension and those with normal blood pressure.
The blood presuure of those with hypertension fell an average of
11.4 mmHg (systolic) and 5.5 mmHg (diastolic). These
improvements are similar to effects that can be reached by
treatment with antihypertensive medication
The DASH diet, except lowering high blood pressure, has other
positive health outcomes.
The very important fact is that the DASH diet reduced the
participant's levels of cholesterol. If blood cholesterol is
high, both cholesterol and other fatty substances are collected
on vessels walls and and limit or obstruct the flow of blood to
the heart. High level of cholesterol, which results from a diet
rich in saturated fats, is a main risk factor for heart ilness.
A feature of the DASH diet is low level of total and saturated
fat. Study's participants who were on this diet fell their
cholesterol 14 points. The level of LDL, "bad" cholesterol,
dropped 11 points. The HDL, "good" cholesterol dropped by 3.7
points. Such a type of drop in HDL level is noticed when people
lower their general intake of fat. All the effects (LDL, HDL and
changes in blood pressure), combined all together, resulted in a
significant improvement in general cardiac risk with the DASH
Diet.
Later, the Boston University Medical Center conducted the next
study. They offered an online form of the DASH Diet to workers
of a large US company. More than 4,000 people registered for the
DASH Diet program. They got email reminders every week to log in
to the special website providing information on topics such as
reducing weight, exercise, paying attention to food labels,
grocery shopping and more.
The users were spurred to put online all the changes they made
to their lifestyle and health: exercise, diet, blood pressure
and weight. After one year of participation in the DASH Diet
program they lowered weight and significantly reduced their
blood pressure. Fruits, vebegatbles and low-fat dairy products
became an everyday part of their diet. The DASH DIET program was
a real success, so the researchers made a decision to render it
to the public online at DASH Diet.
The scientist claim that DASH Diet is suitable for all Americans
because it doesn't require a lot of learning. It is based on
real food, easily accessible in American groceries. The program
let the dieters to link their dietary goals with foods that they
like.