Tax Deduction - Meal Per Diems
Per Diems deduction can be one of the best flight attendant
deductions. This deduction depends on which city you layover in.
The IRS states that you can either itemize each city you fly to
or you may take a standard rate. If you fly domestic, this
standard rate can work to your advantage. We are seeing a nice
jump in them minimum about in 2006. Previous the base rate was
$31 a day for meals and incidentals; in 2006 the base rate has
jumped to $39. However keeping track of every city is important
as many cities are substantially higher that the base rate, as
high as $61. Alaska and Hawaii can be as high as $91. We have
attached both 2005 and 2006 U.S. rates. Also realize that
changes in per diem rates are from October to October, thus you
need to keep track of locations times. A few seasonal cities
even have seasonal per diem rates.
If you fly any international trips, it is well worth itemizing
out your layover cities. The standard rate for International is
$46 per day where as the daily rate for a common city such as
London is $100 per day. Both Alaska and Hawaii are included on
international rates. When figuring out your Per Diem, you use
Meals and Incidental rates. For instance in Anchorage Alaska you
take the Local Meal rate of $71 plus the Incidental rate of $18
for an M&I of $89. International rates do not have the same
October to October schedule of change.
If you just flew domestic, the IRS will allow us to use an
average rate based on the number of days you flew. Turn arounds
are not included in this deduction. Once you calculate the total
amount you are allowed, the total non-taxable per diem that you
were paid by your airline is subtracted.
Flight attendants get an additional break here. For the average
work in America than can only deduct 50% of their meal expense.
In 2005 Flight Attendants can deduct 70% of their actual expense
or per diems, minus any nontaxable payments your employer paid
you. This amount will climb to 80% by 2008
For Businesses, Self Employed
You can deduct 50 percent of ordinary and necessary business
expenses for entertaining a client, customer or employee if it
is directly related to your business or associated with your
business. It is essential to keep excellent records for business
entertainment expenses. For example, if you take someone out for
a meal, be sure to document the date, the amount, the place the
meal took place, the business purpose of the meal, and the
business relationship. If you hold a party, you should keep a
copy of the guest list, noting your respective business
relationships.
IRS rules for business-related meals, entertainment and gifts
allow you substantial opportunities to convert personal expenses
into deductions.
How would you like to get a discount of 14% to nearly 20% on
your meals and entertainment expenses? If your meals and
entertainment expenses were deductible, a $100 meal would cost
only $86.25 if you were in the 27% tax bracket.
Tax laws allow you to deduct half of your meals and
entertainment expenses if they are business-related. Any
expenses for food and drink provided under circumstances
considered favorable to a business discussion, or when a
business discussion is held, can be deducted. If you are
self-employed, you can deduct them as part of your adjustments
to income.
Entertaining Business Clients
By far, the most commonly used aspect of this deduction relates
to entertainment and food, however. The custom of entertaining
business clients or potential business clients with food and
drink in restaurants and hotels converts into deductible
expenses. When you go out with friends or relatives for a meal
or drink, do you ever pick up the check? If they are or could be
potential clients or customers for your business, and you
discussed business with them, then that check would be
deductible.
Even if you do not talk business at the meal, it will be
deductible if the meal follows or precedes a business
discussion. Recognize that no actual business need come from the
meeting so long as business was discussed. Be careful, if you
meet with some one regularly and exchange picking up the tab,
you can face a tremendous penalty. If caught by the Internal
Revenue Service, the deduction will be disallowed as a sham and
subject you to fraud penalties. However, do not hesitate to
deduct legitimate expenses.
Not only can you deduct meals, but you can also deduct business
entertainment expenses. Money spent for business entertainment,
amusement or recreation can be deducted if you can show the
expense:
* Directly preceded or followed a substantial business
discussion; Or;
* Directly related to the active conduct of your trade or
business.
* Examples of potentially deductible expenses include
entertaining guests at nightclubs, theaters, sports games, or
even vacation trips.
Do not waste much energy building up deductible entertainment
expenses unless you are prepared to do it right. This area is
always a target of audits and is one of the most abused of all
expenses. Make sure that each receipt (or notation in your
appointment book or business diary) has ALL FIVE of the
following components:
* The amount of each expenditure;
* The date of the expenditure;
* The name, address or location, and type of expenditure, such
as dinner or theater, if the information is not apparent in the
name or designation of the place;
* The reason for the expenditure or the business benefit derived
or expected to be gained. While this sounds complicated, it is
really easy.
* Information about the person or persons entertained, including
the name, title or other designation sufficient to establish the
business relationship to you.
You must have a receipt or other documentary evidence for meals
or entertainment expenses of $75 or more. Currently, for
expenditures of less than $75, you do not need a receipt. In a
recent audit, when asked for "all" of my receipts. I brought out
only those over $75 and my records for the rest. The auditor had
to take what I gave him as proof. Fully acceptable
substantiation would include a diary or written planner in which
you enter the above descriptive information. I put this
information on my business software records. Even in an audit,
the entries are complete substantiation under the law.
While most meals or entertainment expenses can only be deducted
for half of the cost, certain meal and entertainment expenses
remain fully deductible:
* Expenses reimbursed under an "accountable plan;"
* Expenses incurred for recreational or social activities
provided by the employer for the benefit of its employees. These
might be the annual company picnic or holiday party;
* Expenses for goods, services and facilities made available to
the general public, such as promotional tickets or customer
samples;
* Expenses related to the ticket package costs for sporting
events arranged primarily for the purpose of charitable
fund-raising.
The deductions for meals and entertainment allow you substantial
opportunities to convert your personal expenditures into
business deductions. Do not fail to claim them and do not fail
to keep them because of lack of adequate substantiation. In the
30.5% tax bracket, $100 worth of entertainment expenses costs
you $84.75. No matter how much money you're making, it would be
worth $15.25 in tax savings to spend 30 seconds noting the name
of your business clients and the business discussion on the back
of your ticket stub or receipt.