Many look at the story of the Prodical Son as a contrast between two Brothers, one conservative and the other a non conformist, a rebel. But in essence it is way more than that. We can see many a lesson from this account. The first is between the Father and two different sons, the second is a conflict between God and two different religions, or should I say, interpretations.
The View of the Gentiles (i.e. Christians.) and the other the Jewish House of Israel. (i.e. Gods Chosen People.) Now the third thing that we see here is the difference between the people of Israel, (The Poor and unlearned.) and the other the Pharisees.(The ruling class.) Luke 15:12 And the younger of them ( Barnes states;- By this younger son we are to understand the publicans and sinners to be represented. By the older, the Pharisees and scribes.) said to his father, Father, give me the portion of goods that falleth to me. And he divided unto them his living.
(This was the separation of Lands between the twelve tribes of Israel. Historical Fact) Barnes was stating that the publicans and sinners, were rebellious because of the treatment that this class of people had gone thru. They were disillusioned with the religious right and wanted the freedom to seek God and their identity in other ways.
This is historical fact, not only from the record books of the Isralies but from The Books of Moses. They found out later that the road to religious freedom required to be bought by a great price, that they were unable or unwilling to pay. Rejecting the Teaching that they had received from the Mosaic Law, these people became a target for Satan and the demons of Lust, Theft, Idolatry, Hunger, Depression and want, of things of the Body and those things of the Spirit. We still see this today in Israel, a separation of peoples, Brothers, divided only by religious differences but joined as one for preservation of a Nation.
Now in contrast we see the Pharisees and scribes as a constant unmovable force that stayed with the Mosaic Law.
Jesus was trying to teach that, If the people of Israel and the ruling Class of the Pharisees and the Temple Priest, could have come together and live as God had intended them to live, that there would have been no division between the two. The Eldest son, (The Religious Order.) Wanted everything for themselves. They said that they were loyal to the Law and The Prophets and Jesus was saying,