Newport Beach, California has always owed much of its success to its proximity to the ocean. It is located in Orange County and has become part of a metro are that is also composed of Santa Ana, which is located about 10 miles north. Originally inhabited by Shoshone Indians who lived in part on the bounty of the sea as well as the fertile farmland, by the mid-1700s, the Spanish were beginning to explore further into what would become California. The areas of Santa Ana, Tunstin and Orange, which would later make up Newport Beach, evolved into farming communities with many new arrivals by covered wagon in the 1800s. In the late 1800s, the rather isolated settlement's population and trade exploded when a wharf was built that spanned the area from the shallow bay of the peninsula to the deeper waters where the larger steamships could dock. Within a few years of the wharf being built, the area of Newport Beach was a thriving shipping town.

With all of the new shipping activities, more investors became interested in the area. By 1905, the Pacific Electric Railroad had connected Newport Beach to Los Angeles. With the advent of the trains, many families began arriving in Newport Beach to camp and enjoy the area. As a result, soon small hotels and cottages were built to keep up with the need for visitor facilities. In 1906, the scattered areas of West Newport, Balboa Island, Lido Isle and the peninsula were incorporated into the city of Newport Beach. Soon parts of Newport Heights and Corona del Mar were annexed and the city increased its boundaries again.

During World War II, Newport Beach became an area for the Navy to build and repair its ships. With the influx of servicemen, the local business continued to prosper. By the end of the war, quite a few of the servicemen and servicewomen liked the area and decided to stay. Unfortunately this triggered a real estate boom and prices increased as a result. With the increased demand for housing, many of the local seasonal rentals changed into homes that were occupied year-round. This somewhat changed the area's focus from a seasonal destination to a place where people lived year-round.

With the Santa Ana Freeway finished in the 1950s, it was even easier to get to Newport Beach. Housing developments spread quickly and the areas around Newport Beach, including the hills and nearby mesas, soon became homes to thousands. Gradually the focus of the area changed again, away from the fishing industry. Today the area is home to manufacturing, but still owes a lot of its success to its beaches. That is primarily what still attracts visitors today.

Even today, the original reason people wanted to visit Newport Beach, namely the beaches surrounding it, still attract people today. There are national parks and many sites to see in the area. Today the city would be unrecognizable to the early settlers. Newport Beach is a thriving metropolis that continues to grow and attract visitors from around the world to its beaches and sights.

Michael Russell

Your Independent guide to Newport Beach