Static electricity develops when there is an imbalance in the negative and positive charges in an atom. This happens because of friction between two surfaces. Even walking on a carpet - when the sole of the shoe rubs against the rug - can generate this energy. It remains stagnant unless eliminated or dissipated, or balanced. That can take place when the person who carries the charge touches, say, a doorknob or equipment and gets a shock. It is actually an Electrostatic Discharge (ESD).

A build up of static electricity can be dangerous. First of all it can damage costly equipment and cause variation in product quality. Secondly, it may sometimes be catastrophic. There could be fire and explosion. Instances of workmen dying of shock too have been reported. Therefore it is essential to resort to precautionary measures. One method that offers safeguard is the use of antistatic mats.

The mats used for protection from electricity come under three basic classifications