Cisco CCNP Certification: The BGP Weight Attribute
When you're studying for the CCNP certification, especially the
BSCI exam, you must gain a solid understanding of BGP. BGP isn't
just one of the biggest topics on the BSCI exam, it's one of the
largest. BGP has a great many details that must be mastered for
BSCI success, and those of you with one eye on the CCIE must
learn the fundamentals of BGP now in order to build on those
fundamentals at a later time.
Path attributes are a unique feature of BGP. With interior
gateway protocols such as OSPF and EIGRP, administrative
distance is used as a tiebreaker when two routes to the same
destination had different next-hop IP addresses but the same
prefix length. BGP uses path attributes to make this choice.
The first attribute considered by BGP is weight. Weight is a
Cisco-proprietary BGP attribute, so if you're working in a
multivendor environment you should work with another attribute
to influence path selection.
The weight attribute is significant only to the router on which
it is changed. If you set a higher weight for a particular route
in order to give it preference (a higher weight is preferred
over a lower one), that weight is not advertised to other
routers.
BGP uses categories such as "transitive", "non-transitive",
"mandatory", and "optional" to classify attributes. Since weight
is a locally significant Cisco-proprietary attribute, it does
not all into any of these categories.
The weight can be changed on a single route via a route-map, or
it can be set for a different weight for all routes received
from a given neighbor. To change the weight for all incoming
routes, use the "weight" option with the neighbor command after
forming the BGP peer relationships.
R2(config)#router bgp 100
R2(config-router)#neighbor 100.1.1.1 remote-as 10
R2(config-router)#neighbor 100.1.1.1 weight 200
Learning all of the BGP attributes, as well as when to use them,
can seem an overwhelming task when you first start studying for
your BSCI and CCNP exams. Break this task down into small parts,
learn one attribute at a time, and soon you'll have the BGP
attributes mastered.