In the first part of this home lab tutorial, CCNA and CCNP candidates can see that there are a LOT of choices when it comes to what to buy to build your own Cisco practice lab.

Having been there myself, I know it's confusing to decide how many routers or switches to buy, and what I need at the minimum to run labs and get some great hands-on practice. Let's take a look at some lab configurations and some other lab equipment you may need.

A starter practice lab will consist of two Cisco routers and one switch, hopefully a 2950. This is a good way to get started. You will need to make sure that the routers you purchase have Ethernet ports, and at least one serial port. If possible, get routers with BRI ports, so even if you're not configuring ISDN now, you'll be able to in the future. (You will need one additional device to make ISDN work in your lab, and we'll talk about that later in this article.)

You can practice setting IP addresses and testing IP connectivity over the Ethernet interfaces, and you can configure a point-to-point connection between the two serial interfaces. (You must know how to do that before you think of taking the CCNA exams!) Depending on the switch, you can also get some practice putting the Ethernet ports in different VLANs and working with the switch IOS.

This setup does have some limitations. You can't practice trunking or Etherchannels with one switch, and you can't set up a Frame Relay cloud with this configuration. It's a good start, but you should consider getting a few more routers, including one to serve as your Frame Relay switch.

What's a Frame Relay switch? Good question.

The Frame Relay Switch

As you know from your studies, Cisco routers are DTEs by default. The Frame Relay cloud is made up of DCEs.

In a lab environment, you need a device to serve as the Frame Relay cloud. This device will have DCE interfaces, and will actually be performing frame relay switching. But this isn't a switch in our lab - it's a Cisco router.

There are plenty of Cisco routers that make great frame relay switches. Get one of those and a couple of DCE/DTE cables, and you can configure the router as a frame relay switch and have your own working frame relay cloud in your lab!

The Cisco router you choose as your frame relay switch should have at least four serial ports, and if you can get more, great. It's always good to have spare ports.

If you get four Cisco routers, with one as your frame relay switch, you can set up a frame relay cloud and practice your hub-and-spoke frame configurations. Even better, as my labs do in my CCNA Study Guide, you can set up a frame relay cloud and a point-to-point Serial connection. This will help you get real hands-on practice with such features as EIGRP variance.

With that four-router configuration and one switch, you can get some great hands-on experience with many CCNA features that many candidates just read about. If you can add a second 2950 switch, you can practice different spanning-tree configurations, such as changing the root bridge of a given VLAN, working with VLAN Trunking Protocol (VTP), and configuring your own Etherchannel! (You will need some crossover cables to connect your two switches.)

Let's take a look at one more important piece of lab equipment: the ISDN simulator. You can't just take a straight-through cable and connect your BRI interfaces directly. You need a device called an ISDN simulator to act as the phone company in your home network. The newer simulators let you set your own phone numbers and SPIDs; most older ones have a preset phone number and SPID that you must use. Either way, you get truly valuable experience getting hands-on work with ISDN, especially watching PAP and CHAP debugs and understanding the authentication process.

ISDN simulators can set you back a few bucks. I recommend you visit www.ebay.com and search for ISDN simulator