Effective Fire Prevention Measures in the Home 1
Are you aware that you can lose all your personal belongings in
a single fire?
It's very sad when fire strikes your home. You lose everything.
You do not have a chance to save many belongings. You will be
considered lucky if you escape with your life.
A person's home is a very private piece of his or her existence.
People have been known to struggle for their entire life just to
accumulate sufficient material riches and built comfortable
shelters for themselves. We can experience a tremendous sense of
loss if our homes have been razed to the ground by a fire.
Fires know no bounds. We hear so much of this happening in the
news. Small children and aged persons getting trapped inside
while a house is on fire. We see live footage on television
showing people jumping out from 3-storey buildings and getting
injured. We see the terror in their eyes as they make a
desperate effort to avoid being burnt alive. We come across
stories of people being suffocated by the thick smoke from a
fire.
Death, injury and material loss is the result of fires in homes.
It is matter for everyone to take seriously.
Yes, the home is as safe as you make it to be - if you take
steps to prevent fires from occurring in the first place.
Fire can also be a friend or a foe to mankind. Fires have been
used for keeping warm, for cooking, for lighting, and so on. If
it were not for the discovery and utilization of fire, mankind
will have a very hard time surviving in the cold reaches of the
Earth. Our early ancestors use fires to ward away wild animals.
Food tastes better when cooked or warmed up on a fire. Farmers
clearing fields of weeds have also used fire. Many scientific
discoveries are obtained by using the heat from fires.
Internal combustion engines, steam boilers, make use of
engineering principles of combustion. Engineers and scientists
have studied how to harness the heat from fires for energy
generation.
Fire is a true friend if you know how to use it well. The
benefits to mankind are many. Sometimes we forget that it can
also be very dangerous.
There is a saying, "It takes a tree to produce one million
matches, but it takes a match to destroy a million trees".
That's the power of a fire. It can also destroy tremendously. It
can go out of control. Efforts must be made to tame it.
There should not be any doubt in the minds of people. Fire is a
boon to mankind. But it needs to be controlled well in order to
use it.
People who makes use of fire, (that includes all of us), must
know the nature of a fire, and how a fire can start. It is a
fundamental rule to understand what we are dealing with.
In order for us to use fire properly, we should know something
about how a fire can occur. People who have a natural fear of
fire usually do not know much about fires. If they know how a
fire can start, they will not fear it as much, but rather treat
it with respect. The more you find out about fires, the better
you will be at preventing it from going out of hand.
Starting a Fire
How a fire can start?
In order for a fire to start, three conditions must be met, and
they must be present together. The conditions are heat, fuel,
and oxygen. If you take any one of them away, a fire will not
occur. It is called the "Fire Triangle".
The Fire Triangle principle is used in all fire prevention and
fire fighting measures. It is very simple. Remove any one of the
three, and you will not have a fire. Put all of them together
and you will have a fire or even an explosion. An explosion is
just a rapid burning of a fire.
The three components of a Fire Triangle are heat, fuel and
oxygen. The components can appear in many forms and it important
for those of us who want to adopt fire prevention measures to
look carefully.
Sometimes, people do not realize that all the three are present
until it becomes too late. For example, a tiny electrical spark
that can become a source of heat often cannot be seen at all.
Sometimes, even when the three conditions are present, the
energy of the heat may not be sufficient to cause a fire.
As with all accidents, when nothing terrible happens, people
tend to get careless. Why worry? It did not happen the last
time, it will not happen now. What they do not realize is that
sometime there is not sufficient heat to vaporize the fuel.
And fuel does not have to be petrol or kerosene. A piece of wood
is combustible when it becomes heated enough. Cloth and paper
are also fuels for a fire. The plastic chair in your dining room
can be a fuel. In fact all organic materials can burn if it is
hot enough.
Oxygen is always present in our atmosphere. In fact we thrive on
the oxygen in the air to live. Oxygen occupies about 21 percent
by volume in air, the rest being Nitrogen. So in normal
conditions, this part of the Fire Triangle will always be
present and is very difficult to avoid having when we plan our
fire prevention measures in our homes. It will be more relevant
when we want to stop a fire that has already started. In this
case, one of the ways to break the Fire Triangle is to remove
oxygen. There are ways to do this, one of them is by blanketing
or smoldering.
However, in our planning for fire prevention, we can look at
ways of reducing the chances of oxygen rich atmosphere forming
anywhere around the fuel and the heat. This has been known to
start fires rapidly.
Everybody knows that heating can cause fires. However, we must
not be unduly alarmed if there are sources of heat around us. We
simply cannot avoid the heat. In fact we use heating for our own
benefit. Simply put, we must treat heat and fire with respect.
We should also study the mechanism of a fire.
The Mechanism of Starting a Fire
If you put the flame of a lighted match under a piece of wood,
you can be sure that most of the time the wood will not catch
fire. Even if you dip a lighted cigarette into a pan of
lubrication oil, it is very unlikely that the pan of oil will
catch fire.
So how does a fire actually start?
To answer this question, we must know how a fuel burns. A piece
of wood can be considered a fuel. The carpet fabric on the floor
of your house is also a fuel. But why does some fuel burn so
easily while others do not? How does a fuel burn?
Taking a piece of wood as an example, below is the sequence of
events that happen when a fire occurs.