Deafness is not a Disability
At the outset of this article I must state that I am a hearing
person. I have no qualifications in deaf culture. I feel
compelled to write this article in response to a funeral I
recently attended. I was embarrassed by the false assumptions
held by many of the other hearing people who attended the
funeral. The aim of this article is to broaden cultural
understanding of deafness.
Many people are born deaf. Others become deaf at a very young
age, due to measles, meningitis or other illnesses. They grow up
with their own language, customs, culture and pride. It is these
people this article refers to, not those that lose their hearing
some time after birth.
I am privileged to have friendships with a number of deaf
people. I talk with them using Auslan (Australian Sign
Language). I have learned that there are vast differences
between hearing and deaf communities and cultures. I know that
many hearing people have a lack of understanding of deafness. My
aim is to increase understanding.
The funeral was for a deaf friend of mine. I will call him
Kurnai. He was born deaf and proud to be deaf. He was known and
respected in both the deaf and the hearing communities. Both
deaf and hearing people took part in his eulogy. A sign language
interpreter was present. He interpreted for the hearing people.
He did this by translating the visual sign language into spoken
English. He also interpreted for the deaf people. He did this by
translating the spoken language into Auslan.
Kurnai's deaf friends spoke about his love of sport. They
praised his football prowess. They talked of times long past
when they played tricks at school. They talked of his smile and
his love of having fun. None of them mentioned the fact that he
was deaf. The hearing people also talked of some of the personal
traits of Kurnai. However they focused so much on the 'dreadful
disability' he had. They told stories of how well he had done in
spite of his disability. They talked about how sad it was that
he could not talk. When the truth was that he could talk. His
language, Auslan, is a rich an expressive language.
One loving relative marveled that Kurnai danced with his deaf
friend. She had no concept that deaf people can 'feel' music
through vibrations in the floor. Another gave thanks that now he
had passed to the other life he would be able to 'talk'. Another
joked that Kurnai had told him he was glad he was deaf. The
gathered hearing community laughed in disbelief. The gathered
deaf community smiled and nodded in agreement.
Kurnai had a terminal illness. He spent much time consulting
with the medical profession. Their disability was that they did
not know his language. In their arrogance they did not think it
necessary to have an interpreter present at all appointments.
Everyone has the right to know what is being said. Even if it is
just a simple appointment. "Is my temperature, blood pressure
normal". Surely it is the patients' right to be able to ask
these questions. The medical profession would benefit from being
able to ask the patient "How are you feeling? Do you have any
pain"? Without an interpreter present, these simple questions
cannot be given an accurate response. Too many hearing people
assume that deaf people can fully understand written English and
can lip read. In fact lip reading is a very difficult skill.
Those who master it well can understand about 30% of the
conversation. Written English uses very different grammar and
syntax to Auslan. Therefore it is very easy for deaf people to
mis-interpret what has been written. Often they smile, or nod in
response. Otherwise they take a 50/50 bet and reply either "yes'
or "no".
When you are trying to communicate with a deaf person, follow
their lead. Generally gesture and mime is more effective than
written communication. Surely you would never attempt to
communicate with a person whose language was not English by
using written English? The same applies when communicating with
deaf people. Their language is not English.
Kurnai was a very dear friend. The comments that his hearing
friends made at his funeral would not have upset him. As a deaf
person, he would have smiled and accepted the fact that no harm
was intended. This is another example of the differences in our
cultures. While listening to the stories of his life I was upset
by the mis-understandings. I was embarrassed by the 'politically
incorrect' statements that hearing people were making. I was
upset and felt the need to defend Kurnai's statement that
"Deafness is not a Disability".