The importance of a cholesterol test
A cholesterol test is different from most tests, as it is not
used to diagnose or monitor a disease but is used to estimate
risk of developing a disease, especially heart disease. Because
high blood cholesterol has been associated with hardening of the
arteries, heart disease and a raised risk of death from heart
attacks, cholesterol tests are considered a routine part of
preventive health care. The cholesterol test is recommended to
be done at least once every five years. It is usually ordered in
combination with other tests including HDL, LDL, and
triglycerides.
Patients who have been prescribed diet or drugs to lower their
cholesterol should perform a cholesterol test at more frequent
intervals. In this case, the cholesterol test is used to track
how well these measures are succeeding in lowering cholesterol
to desired levels.
The results of a cholesterol test are grouped in three
categories of risk:
Desirable: cholesterol below 200 mg/dl is considered desirable
and reflects a low risk of heart disease.
Borderline high: cholesterol of 200 to 240 mg/dl reflects
moderate risk.
High Risk: cholesterol above 240 mg/dl is considered high risk.
Your doctor may order a lipid profile to try to determine the
cause of your high cholesterol reflected by the cholesterol
tests. Once the cause is known, an appropriate treatment will be
prescribed.
In a treatment setting, cholesterol testing is used to see how
much cholesterol is decreasing as a result of treatment. The
goal for the amount of change or the target values are set by
the doctor.
Before getting a cholesterol test, you should consider that
blood cholesterol is temporarily low during acute illness,
immediately following a heart attack, or during stress (like
from surgery or an accident). You should wait at least 6 weeks
after any illness to get a cholesterol test. Cholesterol is high
during pregnancy. Women should wait at least six weeks after
birth to have their cholesterol measured. Before getting a
cholesterol test, avoid the drugs that are known to increase
cholesterol levels like anabolic steroids, beta blockers,
epinephrine, oral contraceptives and vitamin D.