The Truth About Asthma And Vocal Cord Dysfunction
Ever heard of vocal cord dysfunction?
Not many have.
Vocal cord dysfunction is a respiratory condition characterized
by adduction of the vocal cords. The result is a limitation of
airflow at the level of the larynx that is often mistaken for
asthma. The symptoms are very similar and can actually occur
alone or along with asthma.
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that makes airways
(bronchial tubes) particularly sensitive to irritants. This is
characterized by difficulty in breathing. The symptoms of asthma
include:
-- Coughing. -- Wheezing ... a whistling or squeaky sound when
you breathe.
-- A tight feeling in the chest.
-- Shortness of breath causing a feeling like you can't get
enough air in or out of your lungs.
-- Narrowing of the air passages in the lungs and hence
increased resistance to airflow.
-- Rapid and considerable changes in airway obstruction.
-- Frequent nocturnal episodes and low morning peak flow values.
A person with vocal cord dysfunction on the other hand,
particularly those who do not have asthma, usually display the
following symptoms:
-- Experience an abrupt attack with a quick recovery.
-- Are generally able to speak during an attack, but often have
a hoarse voice.
-- May improve when he or she pants or sings (yes, sings).
-- Experience more difficulty breathing in than breathing out.
-- The harsh, high-pitched sound of air coming into a tight
airway may be heard at the throat.
-- May have a dry cough.
-- May not respond to standard asthma treatment.
-- Generally there are no nocturnal episodes.
It's easy to see how these two respiratory conditions might be
misdiagnosed. While there are other illnesses which can also
mimic the symptoms of asthma the way vocal cord dysfunction
does, these are generally much rarer.
Vocal cord dysfunction is often caused by postnasal drainage or
reflux disease, and will generally improve with the treatment of
these conditions. Another clinical clue that it might be vocal
cord dysfunction instead of asthma may be that patients often
respond poorly to beta-agonists or inhaled corticosteroids.
Treatment for VCD often involves high-dose inhaled and/or
systemic corticosteroids, bronchodilators, and in severe cases
hospitalizations, tracheostomies and intubation.
To summarize, while the exact cause of vocal cord dysfunction is
not clearly evident there are some subtle differences that
distinguish it from asthma. Primarily, you'll want to note if
your breathing attacks are nocturnal or not, if they respond to
standard asthma treatment, and if your attacks come on suddenly
followed by a quick recovery.
As always, never try to diagnose yourself. For the best
treatment, keep a close eye on your symptoms and share your
observations with your physician.