The Power Of Nicotine Addiction
If you've ever tried to quit smoking, then you've come up
against the awesome power of nicotine addiction. If you would
like to quit, read on to learn how nicotine addiction takes
hold, and how you can defeat it.
Altered Brain Chemistry
Nicotine, the addictive substance in tobacco, is absorbed into
the bloodstream where it affects brain chemistry. It quickly
alters both mood and focus. Because of the large surface area of
the lungs, smokers receive a big "hit" of nicotine with every
puff. Since nicotine is absorbed directly into the bloodstream,
the brain receives an almost instantaneous dose of pleasure with
every inhalation of smoke.
Nicotine primarily affects the mid-brain, the part of the brain
that controls moods and emotions. It produces pleasurable
sensations while smoking, and anxiety and craving when nicotine
is withheld. Doesn't that sound like a perfect formula for
addiction?
Behavioral Reinforcement
Because of the immediate stimulation to the brain, smoking
behavior is constantly reinforced. When smokers try to quit,
they have to overcome both the physical addiction to nicotine
and the associations they have made to the behavior. This means
breaking the mental connection between the physical act of
picking up, lighting, and smoking the cigarette, and the
pleasurable sensations it produces.
Besides the physical addiction, there are also strong behavioral
and social reinforcements to smoking. Certain situations (such
as experiencing stress, finishing a meal, or going to a bar)
become so strongly associated with smoking that smokers will
automatically reach for a cigarette without thinking.
Genetic Predisposition
However, some people become more addicted to nicotine than
others. The reason for this may be genetic. Some people
metabolize nicotine more slowly, which makes them less likely to
become addicted. There is a particular enzyme present in the
liver that breaks down nicotine. People with a genetic "flaw" in
producing the enzyme are less likely to smoke, and if they do
smoke, they smoke fewer cigarettes than those with the normal
enzyme.
There may also be genetic reasons related to behavior that
encourage smoking addiction. Reaction to stress, for example,
can be partially genetically determined -- and stress relief is
1 of the major reasons people smoke.
Anyone Can Quit
People who are addicted to smoking can take solice in knowing
that it is possible to quit. Although some find it more
difficult than others, there are many resources available to
anyone who wants to give up the habit. Help is available in the
form of nicotine replacement, other medical treatments, group
therapy, and counseling. It is not just the physical addiction
to nicotine that must be overcome. The urge to smoke is driven
by many associations (food, sex, alcohol) that were developed
over years. Those individual habit patterns must also be
defeated.
Age Is No Barrier
As with any addictive substance, the longer you have used
nicotine, the more difficult it will be to break free. Young
adults who have been smoking for just a few years will likely
find it easier to quit than a middle-aged person with a 20 year
habit. On the other hand, a middle-age smoker is more likely to
feel susceptible to the health risks of smoking, which may
create a stronger motivation to break the habit.
Regardless of age, or number of years of smoking, anyone can
quit and regain the health benefits of being a non-smoker. It is
easier now than ever before with the widespread availablility of
addiction aids and rehab programs. Don't you think it's time for
YOU to quit smoking for good?