Silhouette Photography Tips and Techniques
Many photographers probably have stared at a silhouette image
and pondered to themselves how exactly it had been taken and
composed. Silhouette images could contain a couple looking at a
sunset, a cityscape with the sun shining through buildings, or
just a normal horizon. In order to get an effective silhouette
image, a photographer must be in the right place at the right
time and have the right exposure settings.
Silhouette Definition
In the area of photography, a silhouette is defined as an
outline that appears dark against a light background. More
specifically, it is where your subject appears as a plain black
shape against a brighter background. It is an artistic
photography expression that many photographers like to refine
and perfect in their images. This effect can be achieved with
any bright light source with the sun being the most common. In a
sunset silhouette photo, the sunlight in the background is
exposed correctly forcing everything else in the photo to be
underexposed causing the effect.
Silhouette Techniques
When you are preparing to take a silhouette image, there are
many things to keep in mind. These tips are equally effective
for both digital and film photography. First of all, you need to
make sure that there is not too much light on your subject, even
if it is being reflected on to your subject the stray light will
ruin the effect. If there is not enough light in the background,
your subject will appear grey instead of black. The effect is
just multiplied when you have multiple colors of bright lights
in the background. Some photographers focus on artificial
lights, others focus on the sun at certain times of the day, the
possibilities are endless.
My Silhouette Tips and Techniques
I usually take my silhouette images when the sun is just above
the horizon. I prefer the time around sunset because the sun
causes the sky to be brighter than everything else for greater
contrast. Another technique I use is to align the sun directly
behind the subject so it causes a glow effect around the main
subject. I usually use a relatively big subject so it creates a
more drastic effect then a small insignificant subject.
I always use a narrow aperture (high f/stop) so the camera
captures the whole scene with a high depth of field so
everything is in focus. I usually use the aperture manual mode
on my camera so I can control what the aperture will be and then
the camera automatically selects the right shutter speed
necessary for the photo. If you are trying to create the effect
with a point-and-shoot camera make sure you compose the photo
with the background light by pointing the camera at the
background. If you compose the image by pointing the camera at
your dark subject, then the background will be over-exposed and
you will not end up with a silhouette.
There is no exact science to taking a great silhouette image. It
will take practice, luck, and experience to capture truly
amazing silhouette images. So keep practicing.