Steps for building your own dust collection system
Copyright 2005 Dave Markel
Traffic flow: You want to avoid having ductwork running through
high traffic areas or in areas where it may affect the safe
operation of power tools. It is important to the performance of
the dust collection system that the ducting doesn't get dented
or crimped. This reduces air flow and may lead to blockages.
Ductwork arrangement of stationary tools: Especially true with a
table saw. It is difficult to duct a table saw upwards. The
ducting rising up to the ceiling could be a hazard to the safe
operation of the tool. This is where you will need to find
another route for the ducting. If you have a crawl space then
that is the most practical method.
Location of stationary tools: It is important to keep your
distances (runs) from the tools to the dust collection unit at a
minimum. If one tool is unnecessarily far from the dust
collection unit then it may result in a larger unit to service
that run. Move tools if possible to reduce the length of runs.
Step 1. Determine your needs
Depending on what size of wood shop you have or the number of
tools you want to add to your dust collection system, you will
need to have a system that will accommodate your needs.
You may be able to have a portable system that only services one
tool at a time. This is the perfect solution for a small shop
and certainly the least expensive.
Step 2. Gather information
Magazines, books, articles and the internet are all great places
to start gathering information on dust collection. You want to
gather information on collectors and filters, duct work,
flexible hose, filter bags, remote on/off switches and grounding
kits. Chart the results of your information gathering and
compare.
Step 2. Be sure to adhere to all local building codes
Some areas have codes dictating where a dust collection unit may
be located or how loud it can be. Checking to be sure there are
no codes or bylaws before you build your dust collection system
may save you money and time.
Step 3. Laying out your system
First draw a layout for your shop. Show locations of all tools
that you intend to hook up to your system. Locate the collector
on this drawing as well.
Determine the lengths of the ductwork and the number of
fittings. Keep in mind that the smoothness of the duct interior
and the number of fittings. These all effect the flow and could
increase the size of your dust collection unit.
When making the transition between larger and smaller diameters
use tapered connectors to avoid restricting the flow.
Remember to keep it simple. For most small shops a basic system
will work just fine. Having 3 fixed outlets dedicated to the
tools you use regularly and flexible hose for those that are
only used occasionally.
Most dust collection units have 2 in-ports for 2 runs of hose.
This will easily accommodate 4 stations especially if only used
one at a time.
A dust collection system collects the large shavings and smaller
particles but is limited in eliminating very small particles The
filter bags are limited when it comes to dust smaller than 10
microns unless you get a dust bag that is designed to capture
smaller particles.
The alternative which has other benefits is to get an air filter
to "clean" the air in your shop. This is effective in also
ridding the air of chemical pollutants from paint, polyurethane
and mineral spirits.