Digital City (Part 1 of 2)
The idea of a fully 'connected' and integrated digital city,
with a plethora of online services for its citizens, sounds
ultra-futuristic and like a pipe dream. The local telecoms and
IT industry has its own views.
The notion of a digital city, where all citizens have
access to public services through broadband Internet
connections, has long since been in the minds of government and
the private sector. The reality is that it is only now that
developments in this space are coming to the fore. "The move is
about government transforming and all about e-government
bringing public services to citizens, but the uptake is slow,"
says Ashley de Klerk, public sector director at Microsoft SA.
Like many others, Zolisa Masiza, councillor at Icasa, asks how
the implementation of digital cities can be justified if
government has not yet sorted out basic services, such as
sanitation, running water and housing, for all citizens of the
country.
Linked with this are the questions: Who will really benefit from
this? Will it be possible to implement this dream if the most
basic needs of citizens have not been met? And who will be
responsible for making it happen? - thus making the debate a
difficult one. Says country manager at 3Com
Johnathene Beyers-Clements: "The answer lies in public private
partnerships (PPP) and a parallel strategy, whereby both
government and the private sector look at resolving the
issues of basic services simultaneously with establishing
digital cities." She believes that public domain interest groups
must lobby for the proliferation of community services, and
notes that the private sector must drive this.
Faux pas Beyers-Clements also adds that it would be a
'faux pas' if we do not exploit the idea of digital cities now,
and says that, if attention is not given to this issue, it will
again put SA far behind the rest of the world. "Following a
linear approach would be a huge mistake. Digital cities would be
an important catalyst to a total solution," she says. Referring
to President Thabo Mbeki's state of the nation address,
where he said that national government will look to local
authorities to deliver national services to citizens, De Klerk
says: "National government must take the leading role, but
cities' major role is making it work." He adds that this is
happening, and cites the cities of Cape Town, Tshwane and
Johannesburg, where current digital city pilot projects are
successfully running. He believes that local authorities are
taking charge because they are very competitive, and want to
build revenue by using infrastructure to create sustainable
economies.
Alan Bacher, product manager at Internet Solutions' access
division, says government first needs to put together a proper
broadband policy and a national strategy. He notes that the US
government is currently experiencing problems with broadband
access because it did not do this, and says that SA must avoid
this at all costs. Closely related to Bacher's point of view is
that of Steve Nossel, regional enterprise business manager for
Intel Middle East, Turkey and Africa. Nossel's view of
government requires the establishment of a dedicated ICT
ministry to focus on the issues of technology and service
delivery. "Government should maybe just look at other countries
which have done this and see that it can work," he adds.
Dr. Andrew Hutchison, business manager: telecommunication
services at T-Systems SA, says: "The driver for cities is the
high cost of telecoms infrastructure that they are paying for.
They can see the benefits in wireless infrastructures, but the
current impediment is still regulations." However, he believes
that government can achieve the objective of digital cities and
delivering e-services to citizens.
Business development director at Storm Telecom, Dave Gale, says:
"Leadership should come from municipalities. They should not
lose sight of their own mandates and what they aim to achieve.
Everyone talks about technology bridging the communication gap,
but they should look at the socio-economic issues, with
technology as an enabler."
Mark Baptiste, director for Cisco Systems, says: "I do not think
that digital cities is an empty promise by government,
but it is all about timing, if the timing is not right the
business case will not work." He also believes that the private
sector should educate government on possibilities, and how to go
about achieving set goals. The majority of industry players are
positive, and believe that this is not going to be an empty
promise from government. It will take hard work, through
partnerships, and it will not happen overnight, but it will
happen, they believe.
Legislation The issue of legislation has been a great
focal point in the digital cities debate and how to get around
it is a question that many have asked, but, says De Klerk: "It
is not about getting around legislation, but finding legislation
that is supportive. Legislation is important, but should not be
prohibitive." Bacher believes in an open market, and says that
local loop unbundling is the key to reaching that goal. He adds
that co-operation between Telkom, the SNO, government and the
private sector is the only answer for making digital cities and
e-services a reality.