Weight Lifting Exercises & Their Affect On Different Muscle
Fibers
Weight lifting exercises cause your muscles to generate heat and
strength. Your muscles need to be strong, in order to help you
move, breathe and so on.
This article on weight lifting exercises will look at the
relationship between the exercises you use when weight lifting
and your muscles.
Your actual muscle tissue is made up of 2 types of muscle
fibers, actin, which are a slim fiber and myosin which are
substantially thicker. Both of these fiber types help to give
your muscles a striated look about them.
When performing any exercises used in weight lifting the muscle
being exercised must be able to contract properly. To do this
they need to become stimulated by motor neurons. These are
simply nerves.
One motor neuron and the muscle fibers stimulated during
exercises used during weight lifting activities are called a
motor unit. These motor units or muscle fibers play a large part
in the force your muscles can produce during a contraction.
The more motor units you can activate during your weight lifting
exercises the stronger the contraction. Meaning you'll be able
to lift a greater amount of weight for an increased number of
repetitions.
Your muscle fibers are categorized as Type I, Type IIa and Type
IIb muscle fibers. The more common term for muscle fibers are
"fast" and "slow" twitch.
When performing high rep weight training exercises it's your
slow twitch muscle fibers (Type I) that will be recruited to do
the majority of the work. Your body uses this type of muscle
fiber when endurance activities, aerobic activity or high rep
sets are used.
Fast twitch muscle fibers (Type IIa and Type Iib) are used by
your body during explosive contractions. It's these fibers that
have the greatest potential for growth resulting from the weight
lifting exercises you perform.
Your body will used fast twitch muscle fibers during
high-intensity, short-duration exercises such as weight lifting
exercises that use heavy weight for very low reps, or sprinting.
People who seem to be able to build muscle at will when
performing almost any weight lifting exercises, usually will
have an unusually large number of fast twitch muscle fibers in
their body.
In the majority of people the muscle fiber make-up in each
muscle group will be relatively equal in most muscle groups.
Therefore you need to recruit both slow twitch and fast twitch
fibers at some point in your exercise program.
One exception to the rule of equal types of muscle fibers is
when it comes to your hamstrings. The hamstring muscles in the
vast majority of people tend to be made up of mostly fast twitch
muscle fibers.
For that reason, when performing weight exercises for your
hamstrings, you should try to use heavier weights for a lower
number of reps.
Now, when executing any weight training exercises your muscles
will go through a few different actions. There are isometric,
eccentric, concentric, and isotonic portions of most weight
lifting exercises;
Isometric contractions can best be described as the same stress
your muscle would go through when pushing against a wall.
The lifting portion of weight training exercises such as a
dumbbell bicep curl is known as the concentric contraction.
Lowering the dumbbell in a controlled fashion is the eccentric
portion.
The more common terms for this part of weight training exercises
are positive (concentric) and negative (eccentric).
The fourth type of contraction that can occur during weight
exercises is the isotonic contraction. This can occur more
commonly during plyometric training.