The History Of Shih Tzu Is Steeped In Mystery and Legends
I understand that Apso means dog, but could also mean
"goat-like" or "shaggy" in the Tibetan language. To the Tibetan
people it was used to mean "Temple Dog." In that connection it
became known as "Lion Dog." All these meanings were a long time
ago. It seems I read repeatedly that many people understand and
agree it was about 1650 that three temple dogs, holy dogs (they
called them), were sent to China and that from these three came
the Shih Tzu. It seems there are many (from what I read) who are
in agreement that about 100 years later, the temple dogs had
been the sole property of the Dalai Lama. Some of these dogs
were given away to distinguished Russian visitors, and were
stolen before they reached the border along with several many
more that disappeared from Dalai Lama's monastery during a civil
upheaval and then reappeared in various parts of the country.
According to the historians this was the end of the Temple or
Lion Dog, the Apso. From then on, all sorts of small dogs that
looked vaguely like the Apso of old became known as Apso. This
is told as being the beginning of the Monastery dog and also the
caravan dog.
Whether or not the present day Apso or the Shih Tzu can be
regarded as "pure" representatives of the historic Tibetan Holy
Dogs, they are clearly historically related, the Apso that
developed along Tibetan lines and the Shih Tzu because of
climate, environment and human planning became essentially
Chinese. I think I can understand this much of some of the
mystery surroundings the development of Shih Tzu. And I do
believe this much is absolutely true. Although the Apso and the
Shih Tzu are closely related in their distant past, for
centuries the two breeds have developed along totally different
lines. The Apso remained in the remote vastness of Tibet where
it could adapt to the climate without difficulty. And the Shih
Tzu was taken eastward to share in the life of luxury at the
Chinese Court.
The Shih Tzu was brought directly from Peking to Scandinavia and
was classified as a Toy, which was probably a correct
interpretation of the Chinese ideal. The introduction of the
Pekingese strain was also probably designed to help make the
larger mountain watchdog (the Apso) more suitable for the
Imperial Palace. All of this part of the Shih Tzu's unique
heritage of which none of us should be ashamed.
Of note here, I would like to emphasize, this is an article
regarding the history of our Shih Tzu. This article is by no
means an advocate for anyone to interbreed the Shih Tzu with any
other breed for any reason. The American Shih Tzu Club's Code of
Ethics clearly states that the crossbreeding of the Shih Tzu to
any other breed is strictly prohibited and not at all
acceptable.